Izinto Ezithinta Ukuvutshelwa kanye Nokulawula Kwazo

1. Ukunikezwa komoyampilo ngokuphendula izinqwaba kungenye yezimo eziyisisekelo zokukhiqiza ukuvutshelwa kwe-aerobic.Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuguqula:

①Nikeza komoyampilo ukuze usheshise inqubo yokuvutshelwa kwamagciwane;②Lungisa izinga lokushisa lenqwaba;③Yomisa inqwaba.

Uma inani lokuguqulwa lincane, umthamo wokungenisa umoya akwanele ukunikeza i-oxygen eyanele kuma-microorganisms, okuzothinta ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa lokuvutshelwa;uma inani lokuphenduka liphezulu kakhulu, ukushisa kwenqwaba yomquba kungase kulahleke, okuzothinta izinga lokungabi nangozi kokuvutshelwa.Ngokujwayelekile ngokwesimo, inqwaba iphendulwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa.

2. Okuqukethwe yi-organic matter kuthinta izinga lokushisa elinqwabelene kanye nokukhipha umoya kanye nokunikezwa komoyampilo.

Okuqukethwe kwezinto eziphilayo kuphansi kakhulu, ukushisa okubangelwa ukubola akwanele ukukhuthaza nokugcina ukwanda kwamagciwane ashisayo ekuvubeleni, futhi kunzima ukuthi inqwaba yomquba ifinyelele izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, elithinta inhlanzeko kanye nemvelo. umphumela ongenangozi wokuvutshelwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphansi kwezinto eziphilayo, kuzothinta ukusebenza kahle kukamanyolo kanye nenani lokusebenzisa imikhiqizo evutshiwe.Uma okuqukethwe kwezinto eziphilayo kuphezulu kakhulu, kuzodingeka inani elikhulu lokunikezwa komoyampilo, okuzodala ubunzima obungokoqobo ekuguquleni inqwaba ukuze kutholakale umoya-mpilo, futhi kungase kubangele izimo ze-anaerobic ingxenye ngenxa yokungatholakali komoyampilo okwanele.Okuqukethwe okufanelekile kwe-organic matter kungu-20-80%.

3. Isilinganiso esiphezulu se-C/N ngu-25:1.

Ekuvubeleni, i-organic C isetshenziswa kakhulu njengomthombo wamandla kuma-microorganisms.Iningi le-organic C lifakwe i-oxidized bese libola libe yi-CO2 futhi liyashintshashintsha ngesikhathi se-microbial metabolism, futhi ingxenye ka-C yakha udaba lweseli lama-microorganisms ngokwawo.I-nitrogen isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni ama-protoplast, futhi isilinganiso esifanele kakhulu se-C/N singu-4-30 ngokwezidingo zokudla okunomsoco wezinambuzane.Lapho isilinganiso se-C/N sezinto eziphilayo sizungeze i-10, i-organic matter iboliswa ama-microorganisms ngenani eliphakeme kakhulu.

Ngokukhula kwesilinganiso se-C/N, isikhathi sokuvutshelwa siye sanwetshwa.Lapho isilinganiso se-C/N sezinto eziluhlaza singama-20, 30-50, 78, isikhathi sokuvutshelwa esihambisanayo cishe izinsuku eziyi-9-12, izinsuku eziyi-10-19 nezinsuku ezingama-21, kepha lapho isilinganiso se-C/N singaphezu kwama-80. Lapho : 1, ukuvutshelwa kunzima ukukwenza.

Isilinganiso se-C/N se-fermentation ngayinye yezinto eziluhlaza ngokuvamile: sawdust 300-1000, utshani 70-100, impahla eluhlaza 50-80, umquba womuntu 6-10, umquba wenkomo 8-26, umquba wengulube 7-15, umquba wenkukhu 5 -10 , Udaka lwendle 8-15.

Ngemuva kokwenza umquba, isilinganiso se-C/N sizoba ngaphansi kakhulu kunaleso ngaphambi kokwenza umquba, ngokuvamile 10-20:1.Lolu hlobo lwesilinganiso se-C/N sokubola nokuvutshelwa lusebenza kahle kamanyolo kwezolimo.

4. Ukuthi umswakama ufanelekile yini kuthinta ngokuqondile isivinini sokuvutshelwa kanye nezinga lokubola.

Ukuze kubiliswe udaka, umswakama ofanele wenqwaba ungama-55-65%.Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, indlela elula yokunquma yile ndlela elandelayo: bamba impahla ngokuqinile ngesandla sakho ukuze wenze ibhola, futhi kuzoba namamaki amanzi, kodwa kungcono ukuthi amanzi angaphumi.Umswakama ofaneleka kakhulu wokuvutshelwa kwempahla eluhlaza ngu-55%.

5. Granularity

I-oxygen edingekayo ukuze kubiliswe inikezwa ngezimbotshana zezinhlayiya zezinto ezingavuthiwe zokuvutshelwa.I-porosity kanye nosayizi we-pore kuncike kusayizi wezinhlayiya namandla esakhiwo.Njengephepha, izilwane nezitshalo, nezindwangu ze-fiber, ukuminyana kuzokwanda lapho kuvezwa amanzi nokucindezela, futhi ama-pores phakathi kwezinhlayiya azoncishiswa kakhulu, okungahambisani nokukhipha umoya nokunikezwa komoya-mpilo.Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana ezifanele ngokuvamile buyi-12-60mm.

6. I-pH Ama-microorganisms angazalana nge-pH enkulu, futhi i-pH efanelekile ingu-6-8.5.Ngokuvamile asikho isidingo sokulungisa i-pH ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa.